Cyclohexanone is the organic compound with the formula (CH2)5CO. The molecule
consists of six-carbon cyclic molecule with a ketonefunctional group. This colorless oil has an odor reminiscent of peardrop sweets as well as acetone. Over time, samples assume a yellow color due to oxidation. Cyclohexanone is slightly soluble in water, but miscible with common organic solvents. Billions of kilograms are produced annually, mainly as a precursor to nylon.
Cyclohexanone is produced by the oxidation of cyclohexane in air, typically using cobalt catalysts:[4]
- C6H12 + O2 → (CH2)5CO + H2O
This process co-forms cyclohexanol, and this mixture, called "KA oil" for ketone-alcohol oil, is the main feedstock for the production ofadipic acid. The oxidation involves radicals and the intermediacy of the hydroperoxide C6H11O2H. In some cases, purified cyclohexanol, obtained by hydration of cyclohexene, is the precursor. Alternatively, cyclohexanone can be produced by the partial hydrogenation ofphenol:
- C6H5OH + 2 H2 → (CH2)5CO
This process can also be adjusted to favor the formation of cyclohexanol.