Cyclohexanone

Cyclohexanone is the organic compound with the formula (CH₂)₅CO. The molecule consists of six-carbon cyclic molecule with a ketonefunctional group. This colorless oil has an odor reminiscent of peardrop sweets as well as acetone. Over time, samples assume a yellow color due to oxidation. Cyclohexanone is slightly soluble in water, but miscible with common organic solvents. Billions of kilograms are produced annually, mainly as a precursor to nylon.

Cyclohexanone is produced by the oxidation of cyclohexane in air, typically using cobalt catalysts:^[4]

C₆H₁₂ + O₂ → (CH₂)₅CO + H₂O

This process co-forms cyclohexanol, and this mixture, called "KA oil" for ketone-alcohol oil, is the main feedstock for the production ofadipic acid. The oxidation involves radicals and the intermediacy of the hydroperoxide C₆H₁₁O₂H. In some cases, purified cyclohexanol, obtained by hydration of cyclohexene, is the precursor. Alternatively, cyclohexanone can be produced by the partial hydrogenation ofphenol:

C₆H₅OH + 2 H₂ → (CH₂)₅CO

This process can also be adjusted to favor the formation of cyclohexanol.